It is a very rustic shrub that does not fear the late frosts and resistant to the attacks of many diseases. There are different varieties with red or yellow fruits, more or less large. The cornel can also be cultivated as an ornamental plant in orchards and gardens, and for its edible fruits. The fruits of the dogwood are bright red drupes, which when darken become darker and almost 2 cm long. The flowers that appear before the leaves are yellow and very small with dimensions of 4-5 mm, with separate sepals, gathered in sessile umbrellas surrounded by 4 bracts in the cross. The leaves are opposite, petiolate, oval and elliptical, acuminate on top, deciduous, with veins converging towards the tip and have dimensions of 4-10 cm in length. The Cornus mas is a tree tall from two to six meters and exceptionally can reach 8 m the old rind of this tree, grayish yellow, comes off in small ocher or brownish scales especially at the base of the stem. This species is found mainly on calcareous soils, and lives in small groups in the clearings of the deciduous forests, between the shrubs and in the hedges of the plain up to 1300 (even 1530) meters. The dogwood is a native species of central-eastern Europe up to the Caucasus and to Asia Minor in Italy it is found in almost the whole peninsula, but it is more frequent in the northern regions and is only missing in the islands. The specific epithet mas comes from mās, male măris, masculine: term used to define a robust species compared to other more delicate, defined female.
The Cornus terace derives from the Indo-European root kar, being hard, passed to the Latin cornus horn, to emphasize the hard and robust wood. The dogwood (Cornus mas L., 1753) is a fruit tree species, spontaneous, belonging to the family Cornaceae.įrom the systematic point of view it belongs to the Eukaryota Domain, Kingdom Plantae, Magnoliophyta Division, Magnoliopsida Class, Cornales Order, Cornaceae Family and therefore to the Genus Cornus and to the Species c.
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